Lecanemab, like aducanumab, is an antibody that attacks and dissolves the amyloid protein that is thought to contribute to Alzheimer’s dementia. It is the first monoclonal agent to receive traditional approval from the FDA.

Ambien is the original Z-drug, having been initially FDA approved in 1992.

Zaleplon is the only sleeping pill that can be taken at 3 or 4 am without causing functional impairment when the patient gets out of bed a few hours later.

Temazepam has the advantages of a short half-life and no active metabolites, and is therefore less likely to cause next day sedation. 

Suvorexant is an orexin receptor antagonist, and as such it treats insomnia differently from existing agents (though lemborexant and daridorexant have since followed in its footsteps). 

Ramelteon is a melatonin receptor agonist.

Low-dose doxepin is effective for sleep maintenance insomnia and is generally well tolerated at hypnotic doses, with minimal anticholinergic effects compared to higher antidepressant doses.

Buspirone is a non-benzodiazepine anxiolytic that is not habit-forming and does not cause sedation, but it takes time to work and is less effective for acute anxiety.

Antihistamines can be very effective sleep aids for many patients, although some patients may experience too much grogginess (“hangover”) in the morning.