When National Public Radio’s Science Friday devotes most of a program to a psychiatric study, it must be newsworthy. The STAR*D study got this special treatment recently, with Ira Flato interviewing John Rush about the ins and outs of the NIMH-funded project.

Because the first results from STAR*D make antidepressants look less powerful than we might have hoped, researchers have emphasized another aspect of the study – namely, that it represents a system that allows us to bring research techniques into our practices. A review of the STAR*D treatment manual is a useful exercise.

Dr. Rush, thanks for agreeing to help us understand the STAR*D trial. You were the overall principal investigator of what I believe was the largest study in history comparing different antidepressants. Looking at the first set of results, are you encouraged by the findings?

Vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) is certainly new—but is it effective? It took the FDA a long time to make up its mind, but eventually it approved the treatment in May 2005. (For more details on why the FDA flip-flopped on the issue, see “FDA Approval of VNS,” this issue.) In this article, we scrutinize the two pivotal studies leading to approval.

First they said yes to VNS, then no, then yes. And now they’re trying desperately to explain their final answer.

If, after reviewing our admittedly lukewarm evaluation of the VNS data, you decide that you want to offer it to your patients, here’s some useful information.

Most psychiatrists pretty much agree that all antidepressants are more or less equally effective. So if you start with that premise and you have 10-15 antidepressants out there, why are you picking one versus another? And what algorithm are we all using? Dr. Zimmerman developed a questionnaire for psychiatrists to fill out immediately after they wrote antidepressant prescriptions. We asked, “What influenced you to choose that medication?”

There is a battle underway in the genteel circles of academic psychiatry. The disputed question is: Are antidepressants (ADs) good or bad for patients with bipolar disorder?

We have some good news and we have some bad news. First, the good news: Cymbalta (generic name: duloxetine) is an effective dual reuptake antidepressant with a good safety profile. Now, the bad news: it appears to have no advantages over existing antidepressants.

Whether you do ECT (electroconvulsive therapy) or not, and research indicates that less than 8% of you actually perform it (Hermann et al, Am J Psychiatry 1998; 155:889-894), you need to know about it, because you will have to decide when to refer your treatment-resistant patients for it, and you will have to know what to say to them about it as they pepper you with a multitude of questions, as they always do (and should).