The VMAT2 inhibitors are FDA approved for tardive dyskinesia (TD), but there are 8 off-label options to consider as well. See how they stack up here, and learn why the atypical antipsychotics ─ with one exception ─ have not put an end to this insidious side effect.

Atypical antipsychotics can work quickly in mood disorders, but their long-term risks give us pause. When is it safe to discontinue them? The answer, it turns out, depends on whether we look to industry-supported or industry-independent trials.

In this issue, we tackle one of the vexing problems in outpatient psychiatry: adults who present with ADHD.

From the Oval Office to the college dorm, stimulants are often used as performance-enhancing drugs. The ethics of this practice are questionable, but so is the science. New research suggests their pro-cognitive effects are mild at best and come with an unexpected cost on working memory.

Jet lag happens when people fly across multiple time zones. The body’s internal clock gets out of sync with the outside signals of sunrise and sunset. The result is insomnia, poor concentration, fatigue, and gastrointestinal symptoms.

Genetic tests are marketed with a bold claim: that a handful of genes can predict medication response. AssureRx’s GeneSight is the most popular of these tests, and in 2015 we reviewed the evidence behind its panel. In short, it was lacking, but the company has just released new data that may move it a little closer to the mainstream.

It would seem intuitive, then, that withholding lithium, which is toxic in overdose, from a suicidal patient is a safe move. However, intuition doesn’t match up with the evidence here.

From cultural expectations to genetic variations, ethnicity has a strong effect on medication response. In this article, we’ll review five areas where ethnic groups can differ in their biological response to psychiatric medications.